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I.J. Halvorsen and S. Skogestad, ``Optimal operation of Petlyuk distillation: steady-state behavior'', J. Proc. Control, 9, 407-424 (1999).

Abstract.
The Petlyuk or dividing-wall or fully thermally coupled distillation column is an interesting alternative to the conventional cascaded binary columns for separation of multi-component mixtures. However, the industrial use has been limited, and difficulties in operation have been reported as one reason. With three product compositions controlled, the system has two degrees of freedom left for online optimization. We show that the steady-state optimal solution surface is quite narrow, and depends strongly on disturbances and design parameters. Thus it seems difficult to achieve the potential energy savings compared to conventional approaches without a good control strategy. We discuss candidate variables which may be used as feedback variables in order to keep the column operation close to optimal in a self-optimizing control scheme.

Note: This version may be slightly different from the finally published journal paper.