658g Mocvd Heterostructures of Tio2 and Al2o3 Using Cycling of Tdeat, Tma and O2

Xuemei Song, University of Illnois at Chicago, Chemical Engineering, 810 S Clinton St., Chicago, IL 60607 and Christos G. Takoudis, Chemical Engineering, University of Illnois at Chicago, Chemical Engineering, 810 S Clinton St., Chicago, IL 60607.

The demand for faster integrated circuit performance continues to lead to shrinking transistor feature sizes. The technology roadmaps predict that the thickness of the SiO2 gate dielectric needs to be scaled down to sub-2 nm for sub-0.1 mm complementary metal oxide semiconductors. Therefore, the concerns regarding high tunneling leakage current and low gate capacitance of ultrathin SiO2 lead to the exploration of alternative dielectric materials with higher permittivity. Among these candidates, aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and Titanium oxide (TiO2) films have attracted attention due to their higher dielectric constants, around 9 and 80, respectively. In this study, tetrakis(diethylamino)titanium (TDEAT) and trimethyl aluminum (TMA) were used for TiO2 and Al2O3 film chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Oxygen was used as oxidant.  TMA has been widely studied for Al2O3 film deposition using H2O as co-reactant. It is a good Al-containing precursor and its characteristics are well known. However the Al2O3 film properties using O2 as co-reactant have not been studied much. TDEAT, as an amino-based titanium precursor for titanium oxides deposition, is also scarcely explored even though it has had a long history in the industry of TiN deposition. Amino-based metal precursors are very promising due to their high reactivity and less impurity incorporation. The addition of NH3 as a catalyst has also been studied. Thin films of TiO2 and Al2O3 were deposited on H-passivated Si(100) substrate through cycling of the source gases. The depositions were carried out in a low pressure chemical vapor deposition chamber. The reaction pressure was 0.7 torr and the reaction temperature was 100-300oC. The film thickness was probed using spectroellipsometry. The surface morphology and roughness of both as-deposited and annealed films were analyzed with atomic force microscopy (AFM). Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS) was utilized for compositional analyses. Atomic compositions, interface reaction and annealing effects were also studied using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was found that the growth rate of both Al2O3 and TiO2 films deposited using NH3 is higher than that of films deposited without NH3. AFM analysis reveals that the surface of Al2O3 films is much smoother than that of TiO2 films. The image roughness of as-deposited Al2O3 is 0.1 nm while TiO2 is 1 nm. Even though the roughness of TiO2 is a few times higher than that of Al2O3, it is still better than that of TiO2 deposited by titanium tetra-isopropoxide (TTIP). The roughness of both Al2O3 and TiO2 films increases with deposition temperature and post-deposition annealing temperature. In the absence of NH3, there is no detectable formation of SiO2 in the as-deposited Al2O3 film, while a thin layer of silicon suboxide formed in the as-deposited TiO2 film based on XPS analysis. With the addition of NH3, both as-deposited Al2O3 and TiO2 have no SiO2 formation, which manifested itself only after annealing of the films. The carbon absence in the RBS analyses indicates that the carbon detected by XPS is surface contamination of the sample.