[28g] - Recent Advances in Carbon Dioxide Capture and Separation
Techniques at the National Energy Technology Laboratory
Author
Information:
- Henry W
Pennline (speaker)
- National Energy Technology
Laboratory
- PO Box 10940 MS
84-206
- Pittsburgh, PA
15236-0940
- Phone: (412)
386-6013
- Fax: (412)
386-6004
- Email: henry.pennline@netl.doe.gov
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- James S Hoffman
- U.S. Department of
Energy
- PO Box10940
- Pittsburgh, PA
15236
- Phone:
412-386-5740
- Fax:
- Email:
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- McMahan L Gray
- US DOE/NETL
- PO Box 10940
- Pittsburgh, PA
15326
- Phone:
412-386-4826
- Fax:
- Email:
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- Ranjani
Siriwardane
- National Energy Technology
Laboratory
- NETL
- Morgantown, WV
26507-0880
- Phone:
412-268-4207
- Fax:
- Email:
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- Evan J Granite
- National Energy Technology
Laboratory
- PO Box 10940 MS
84-311
- Pittsburgh, PA
15236-0940
- Phone: (412)
386-4607
- Fax: (412)
386-6004
- Email: evan.granite@netl.doe.gov
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Abstract:
RECENT ADVANCES IN CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE
AND SEPARATION TECHNIQUES AT THE NATIONAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGY
LABORATORY
H.W. Pennline, J.S. Hoffman, M.L. Gray, R.V.
Siriwardane, and E.J. Granite
U.S. Department of
Energy
National Energy Technology Laboratory
P.O. Box
10940
Pittsburgh, PA 15236
ABSTRACT
The recent interest
in global warming has created a flurry of research activity. One of
the greenhouse gases causing concern is carbon dioxide due to its
abundant formation from various processes. Specifically, large
quantities of carbon dioxide emanate from power generation systems
that utilize/combust fossil fuels. These point sources are likely
targets for removal of carbon dioxide if regulation of carbon
dioxide is deemed necessary in the future. Although the overall
carbon dioxide sequestration scheme is important, the capture (and
separation) of the carbon dioxide from the large-point source is a
critical step with respect to the cost and technical feasibility of
the overall sequestration process. Within the Carbon Sequestration
Program of the Department of Energy, an in-house focus area at the
National Energy Technology Laboratory has initiated research in this
fledgling area. As related to power generation, capture and
separation processes can be viewed as near-term and far-term, with
the former dealing with conventional fossil fuel combustion, such as
pulverized-coal combustion, and with the latter pertaining to
advanced power systems, such as integrated gasification combined
cycle. For the near-term capture processes, an evolutionary research
project has addressed improvements in conventional amine scrubbing
to remove carbon dioxide from flue gas. Additionally, other chemical
absorption (wet scrubbing) techniques have been proposed to remove a
gamut of pollutants from flue gas.
In the far-term research
effort, novel techniques are being developed to remove carbon
dioxide from the fuel gas or flue gas from advanced power/energy
conversion systems. Chemical absorption, physical adsorption, and
electrochemistry are fundamental methods used in the separation
step. Most of the processes are regenerable. In two different
projects, a sorbent is used where the active component chemically
bonds with the carbon dioxide and is later regenerated by using heat
or a reducing agent. In another project, the carbon dioxide is
adsorbed by the sorbent and a temperature or pressure swing is
performed to remove the carbon dioxide. Additionally, another
investigation uses an electrochemical cell to separate the carbon
dioxide. An overview of the various novel techniques will be given
along with overall technical performance and cost implications.
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Contact Information: